A North Korea-linked threat group tracked as ScarCruft, APT37 and Group123 continues to evolve and expand its toolkit, Kaspersky Lab reported on Monday.
Active since at least 2012, Scarcruft is believed to be working on behalf of the North Korean government. Kaspersky first published a report detailing the threat actor’s activities in 2016 and several cybersecurity firms have since documented its campaigns.
Last year, Palo Alto Networks linked a new Android backdoor to ScarCruft and Kaspersky has now confirmed that the hackers appear to be interested in targeting mobile devices.
Kaspersky researchers have also observed ScarCruft using what they have described as a “rare” Bluetooth device harvester.
The tool, delivered by a downloader, is designed to use the Windows Bluetooth APIs to collect information on the devices connected via Bluetooth to the compromised machine. The targeted information includes device name, address, class, and whether the device is connected, authenticated and remembered.
ScarCruft has been known to rely on zero-day vulnerabilities in its attacks, but Kaspersky says it has also observed the use of public exploits in preparation for upcoming attacks.
The initial dropper delivered by the group uses a privilege escalation exploit (CVE-2018-8120) or a method known as UACME to bypass the Windows User Account Control (UAC) feature. It then executes an installer, which creates a downloader that retrieves a final payload hidden inside an image file.
The final payload in the attacks observed by Kaspersky was a backdoor tracked by Cisco as ROKRAT, which has been used by several threat groups, including ScarCruft. ROKRAT allows the hackers to download and execute other tools, execute commands, and steal information.
As for ScarCruft victims, Kaspersky researchers recently identified investment and trading companies in Russia and Vietnam (particularly organizations linked to North Korea), and diplomatic agencies in Hong Kong and North Korea.
Kaspersky has also discovered some overlaps with the threat actors tracked as DarkHotel and KONNI — KONNI was in 2017 linked to DarkHotel. Specifically, a device infected with ScarCruft malware was previously compromised by a variant of KONNI and a few days earlier by GreezeBackdoor, a piece of malware belonging to DarkHotel.
This is not the first time researchers have seen overlaps between ScarCruft and DarkHotel.
“They are both Korean-speaking threat actors and sometimes their victimology overlaps. But both groups seem to have different TTPs (Tactics, Techniques and Procedures) and it leads us to believe that one group regularly lurks in the other’s shadow,” Kaspersky said.
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