Kaspersky Lab has published a report detailing the activities of a cyber espionage group that uses watering holes, poisoned installers and malware to target users of software designed for encrypting data and communications.
The advanced persistent threat group (APT), dubbed by the security firm “StrongPity,” has managed to infect users in Europe, Northern Africa and the Middle East.
According to Kurt Baumgartner, principal security researcher at Kaspersky Lab, the techniques used by the attackers are similar to the ones of the Russia-linked threat actor Crouching Yeti (Energetic Bear/Dragonfly), which in 2014 delivered malware by replacing legitimate installers on ICS software distribution sites with trojanized versions.
StrongPity set up the website ralrab.com, which mimics the genuine rarlab.com domain. They also compromised the sites of certified distributors from Europe in an effort to redirect users to their poisoned installers on ralrab.com. One of the legitimate sites they hijacked was winrar.it, which resulted in many Italy-based users getting infected with malware.
The threat group also set up a fake TrueCrypt website hosted at true-crypt.com to which they directed users from software downloads website Tamindir. StrongPity started setting up TrueCrypt-themed watering holes in late 2015, but the activity peaked this summer. A vast majority of the users affected by this attack were located in Turkey and some in the Netherlands.
The winrar.it website mostly infected users in Italy (87%), but some victims were also detected in countries such as Belgium, Algeria, Tunisia, France, Morcco and Cote D’Ivoire. A similar site, winrar.be, infected users in Belgium (54%), Algeria (12%), Morocco (11%), the Netherlands (9%) and Canada (7%).
Overall, the security firm identified this year more than 1,000 systems infected with StrongPity malware (Trojan.Win32.StrongPity). The top five affected countries are Italy (48%), Turkey (18%), Belgium (15%), Algeria (8%) and France (3%).
Kaspersky Lab said the StrongPity droppers deploy multiple components that allow the attackers to gain complete control over the victim’s system, steal files, log keystrokes, and download additional components designed for collecting information.
One such component looks for applications that provide encrypted communications, including the SSH and telnet client Putty, the FTP tool FileZilla, remote connections manager mRemoteNG, Microsoft’s Mstsc remote desktop client, and the SFTP and FTP client WinSCP.
“When visiting sites and downloading encryption-enabled software, it has become necessary to verify the validity of the distribution site and the integrity of the downloaded file itself. Download sites not using PGP or strong digital code signing certificates need to re-examine the necessity of doing so for their own customers,” explained Baumgartner.
Related Reading: Cyber Espionage Report – APT at RUAG
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