Emissary Panda Using Hacking Team Exploits to Deliver RAT
The Chinese advanced persistent threat (APT) group known as Emissary Panda and Threat Group 3390 has been using Hacking Team’s Flash Player exploits in its operations.
According to Zscaler, the group leveraged the CVE-2015-5119 vulnerability to target a major financial services firm. While it has not been named, Zscaler told SecurityWeek that the targeted organization is a multi-national financial services firm with locations across Europe, Middle East and Asia.
“The main motive of this group is to monitor and exfiltrate intellectual property data from the target organization,” Zscaler researchers explained in a blog post.
The attack targeting the financial services firm started with a spear phishing message containing a malicious URL. The link pointed to a server in Hong Kong set up to host the Hacking Team Flash Player exploit. The attackers attempted to use the exploit to install a variant of the HttpBrowser remote access Trojan (RAT) hosted on the same Hong Kong-based server, which has also been used for command and control (C&C).
HttpBrowser RAT, a piece of malware that is highly popular among APT groups, leverages a legitimate digitally signed executable from Symantec to decrypt and run the RAT payload without being detected.
The financial services firm targeted by the cyber espionage group is a Zscaler customer and the security company said it blocked the attack before any damage was caused.
Zscaler told SecurityWeek that Emissary Panda has also leveraged another Hacking Team Flash Player exploit (CVE-2015-5123) in its operations. According to the company, the attack on the financial services firm was not an isolated incident — Zscaler plans on releasing additional research in the upcoming days.
Several exploits were leaked online after the Italian surveillance software company Hacking Team suffered a data breach, and Emissary Panda is not the only APT actor to use the spyware maker’s exploits.
The Chinese group known as Wekby (APT 18) has also used at least one of the exploits to deliver Gh0st RAT. Cyber espionage groups such as Pawn Storm, APT3 and Darkhotel have also leveraged Hacking Team’s exploits in their campaigns.
A report published earlier this month by Dell’s SecureWorks Counter Threat Unit revealed that Emissary Panda has become more selective when it comes to data exfiltration.
The group has targeted a wide range of companies over the past years, including automobile, electronics, aircraft, pharmaceutical, and oil and gas manufacturers. Up until recently, the threat actor stole all the information it could find on compromised networks, but now it has changed its tactics and only takes what it believes to be more valuable.