The developers of the BIND and Knot DNS software have released updates to patch a potentially serious vulnerability that can be exploited to bypass authentication mechanisms.
The flaw, discovered by Clément Berthaux of Synacktiv, is related to Transaction SIGnature (TSIG), an authentication protocol used by the Domain Name System (DNS). The protocol is mainly used to authenticate dynamic DNS updates and zone operations.
An attacker who is able to communicate with an authoritative DNS server and has knowledge of a valid key name can exploit the security hole to bypass TSIG authentication and carry out unauthorized zone transfers or updates.
“This issue is due to the fact that when the server receives a request which TSIG timestamp is out of the time window, it still signs its answer, using the provided digest as prefix even though this digest is invalid and has an incorrect size. This allow an attacker to forge the signature of a valid request, hence bypassing the TSIG authentication,” Berthaux wrote in an advisory.
DNS zone transfer is the process in which a DNS server passes a copy of its database (i.e. zone) to another DNS server. Obtaining a copy of zone records can be useful for an attacker as they may contain information that can be leveraged for DNS spoofing attacks.
The Internet Systems Consortium (ISC) tracks this issue as two separate vulnerabilities – one medium severity flaw that allows unauthorized zone transfers (CVE-2017-3142), and a high severity flaw that can be exploited for unauthorized dynamic updates (CVE-2017-3143).
ISC addressed the problem this week with the release of BIND 9.9.10-P2, 9.10.5-P2 and 9.11.1-P2. Knot DNS patched the vulnerability with the release of versions 2.5.2 and 2.4.5 last week.
TSIG is also supported by, among others, PowerDNS and NSD, but the developers of these DNS servers have not published any advisories to indicate whether or not their products are affected.
Related: Critical Flaw Patched in BIND Installer for Windows